IPS technology

Here the crystals are distributed evenly across the entire screen, parallel to each other. Thanks to this solution, these matrices are distinguished by the ability to convey natural shades and an excellent view from different angles. IPS screens have many advantages, and devices with panels in this category are very popular. They are almost universal, as they are great for gaming, watching movies, and many professional tasks. In addition, recently, IPS monitors are not as expensive as they used to be.

What are the advantages of an IPS display:

• When viewing photos or working with graphic images, matrices of this category pleasantly surprise with color reproduction. Even the black color will not differ in any way from the original. It will not become overly saturated or greyish. When processing a photo / video, you do not have to worry that the final result will differ from the author’s idea when demonstrating. This makes the matrix much better than the TN panel.
• Sun exposure will not degrade image quality. Yes, there are glare if the screen is not matte, but the sun will not cause color distortion.
• The picture quality remains high and is not distorted no matter from which corner of the room you follow what is happening on the screen. Sharpness and contrast are maintained. Reminder: the view from any angle of such LCD monitors is maximum. 178 °.
• If we are talking about devices with a touch screen, then IPS will delight you with high sensitivity. Controlling a display with such a panel is the pinnacle of comfort: you can work with both drawings and pictures. The screen responds quickly to both the finger and the stylus. Artists, designers, architects will definitely appreciate this feature.

• IPS costs significantly higher compared to TFT.
• Not as fast as the TN models, although the ACER T272HULbmidpcz panel boasts millisecond response. However, there are still few such monitors.
• Devices with an IPS screen consume more power.

TNFilm technology

This type of matrix is ​​used in budget devices, as well as in gaming displays. There are practically no TNs in their pure form today, but manufacturers often tend to ignore “Film” when describing characteristics, since it has already become a standard for modern models. Such panels are not without drawbacks, but TNFilm also has attractive features.

Tip: If you are looking for a super fast monitor then choosing the MSI Optix G24C4 is the right decision. The matrix of this widescreen display responds in 1 millisecond.

As a result, we can say that this version of the screen is almost the best for a gamer, as well as for undemanding movie lovers and users working with documents. But a monitor with such a matrix is ​​hardly suitable for designers.

Disclosure of concepts

Before moving on to the concepts of matrices, it is worth talking about the notation of the displays themselves. Descriptions include LCD, LCD and TFT screens. What is their difference?

LCD is a generic designation for the category of screens to which TFT belongs, however, the designation TFT LCD on the box often causes confusion. It’s actually quite simple.

LCD is a flat panel display based on liquid crystals: this is what is called LCD in its purest form. TFT is an LCD-based panel. But in the manufacture of such a panel, transistors are used, which are of the thin-film type. And this is its only difference from other LCD versions.

Interesting: Many manufacturers make their displays curved. Samsung CURVED C27F390F is just that. And it also has decent speakers with a total power of 10 watts, so it is not necessary to connect acoustics to it.

There are only four main types of panels on the basis of which monitors of computers and laptops are made:

• TN is almost the oldest development;
• IPS is perfection itself;
• PLS. not inferior to its predecessor;
• VA is a good development that web designers and photographers have already appreciated.

All others are just variants of the above. Below. about common modifications.

TN and TN Film are the easiest options. The full name is Twisted Nematic. Versions supplemented by “Film” are a variation. It differs from its ancestor by an additional layer. As you might guess from the name, the models in this category have been improved for a more comfortable film viewing.

IPS (In-Plane Switching) matrices were created by HITACHI. The goal of the creators is to develop something better than the aforementioned panels.

In such matrices, the crystals rotate together when an electric field is applied, rather than creating a spiral. It is due to this that the creators succeeded in a 178-degree viewing angle from all sides. At the moment, such an indicator is the maximum possible.

MVA and VA. were created as an alternative to expensive IPS. We have developed such a panel in Fujitsu offices. These options have become more affordable, while the color rendering, response speed and viewing angles are very attractive.

In the case of VA, when creating an electric field, the crystals are aligned horizontally, and the layers of the panel do not let the backlight light through. MVA has subpixels divided into several zones. In modern multi-domain models, one cell can contain 4 zones. Each filter has a protrusion on the inside, all elements are zoned so that the orientation of the crystals in each zone is most suitable for looking at the panel from a certain angle. In this case, crystals move independently in different zones. The result is decent viewing angles without color distortion.

WVA (Wide Viewing Angle) is another modification of VA technology, which has a solid view, just like IPS. up to 178 degrees. However, according to other characteristics, WVA is still inferior to her. However, these differences are so insignificant that it is not always easy even for professionals to notice them.

PLS-matrix (Plane to Line Switching) is an alternative version of IPS models, which was presented by Samsung. The classic IPS is superior in pixel density (image quality is not lost), in a wide range of shades. An ordinary user may not notice such differences, but professional designers have already appreciated PLS.

PVA (Patterned Vertical Alignment) is one of the variations of TFT MVA, from Samsung, the only difference of which is the deep black color.

But which matrix is ​​still better? The answer depends on why. For games. one option, but for design and cinema it may be completely different. Below is a description of the most common.

High Definition Fans: 10 Best 4K Monitors

3 popular types of matrices: IPS, PLS and TN. which monitor is better

A good monitor is the pleasure of movies, web surfing, work and gameplay. To find one, you need to look not only at the classic parameters such as size and resolution, but also at what type of matrix is ​​installed. This article explains what LCD monitors and matrixes are.

How LCD panels differ from each other, what are their advantages, as well as what disadvantages they have. All this will help you understand which panel is better to choose a display for specific tasks.

PLS technology

As mentioned above, this is a Samsung development, which was created to give the user a worthy replacement for IPS. And the company did it. PLS. not to say that it is much better than IPS, but such monitors have similar characteristics in terms of quality and capabilities.

The first product was released back in 2010. It was not possible to reduce the price of such devices, and, in fact, an ordinary PC user did not find significant differences from the popular IPS. But professional designers still found the difference and successfully use such monitors as a “workhorse”. It is not worth waiting for something fundamentally new when watching movies or playing games.

Four best features of PLS-based LCD monitors:

• Glare and flickering are practically absent, and therefore, with many hours of work behind such a monitor, eyes get tired less.
• Improved color reproduction and tint accuracy make the display nearly ideal for designers and planners.
• Average response time. 4 milliseconds.
• Average brightness indicators. 1100 cd / m2, which is 100 units higher than IPS.

Interesting: the Samsung CURVED C24F390F, based on PLS, has a cool function that smooths textures at low image resolutions, so even a movie in poor quality can be watched with such a monitor.

Each of the matrices has its own advantages, but not without its disadvantages. So, on the basis of which panel is it better to choose a monitor? Gamers, and especially fans of shooters and racing, as well as all kinds of games of a different genre that require quick reactions, definitely need the option with the fastest response. Such high-speed monitors are made with TN matrices. Even in action games, shots that quickly replace each other do not leave a nasty trail. For design, it’s better to take something with a nicer image. It could be MVA or PLS. Uncertain and all inclusive supporters will love the IPS monitor. He will delight with the breadth of his soul (that is, the overview), and with natural flowers.

Octocopter (8 propellers)

In turn, frames can have 3, 4, 6, 8, 10 or even more beams. Variants of coaxial arrangement of motors on the beam are also possible, but they are used less often. Let’s give an example: if there are 3 motors and propellers, and they are located on three beams, then this is a tricopter, but if two motors with propellers are coaxially placed on the same frame for each beam, then this is already a hexacopter according to the “Y” or “Y6 “(Or” coaxial tricopter “). The same applies to quadcopter and octocopter according to the “X4” or “X8” scheme.

Why a quadcopter?

It is intuitively clear that a quadcopter is an aircraft with four propellers / propellers and a vertical arrangement of their axes. The type of multicopter is determined by the layout of the frame (beams) and the number of motors / propellers. The most common copters have the number of beams equal to the number of propellers:

What’s the Difference: Tricopter, Quadcopter, Octocopter, Hexacopter?

Quadcopter (4 propellers)

Y or Y6 hexacopter

Tricopter (3 propellers)

Hexacopter (6 propellers)

Differences

What else can be the differences between them, besides the number of engines? Let’s try to figure it out in more detail.

Tricopters (“quadcopters” and hexacopters according to the scheme: Y3, Y4 and Y6 and Y4). have a specific design. In the Y3 design, there is a servo-based tail beam / boom motor swivel assembly (see photo below), which does not add reliability and can add problems when designing a copter. A small number of engines obliges the designer to increase their power, that is, it is more difficult to obtain a large lifting force for additional equipment in this case.

However, there are fans of such schemes. Someone uses this design because of the aircraft-helicopter type and flight mode, someone finds in it a similarity to the American “Osprey” and plays with this in the design of the hull. Nevertheless, this scheme is used by enthusiasts for entertainment, aerobatic stunts, FPV flights and filming with Action Cameras such as GoPro.

Quadrocopters (less often octocopters according to the X8 scheme) are the most popular, simple and versatile branch of copters at the moment. They differ in the relative cheapness of components, stability, compactness and a minimum of thought over mechanics. The thrust-to-weight ratio is sufficient for using gimbals with system cameras and GoPro. At the same time, maneuverability and weight, still allow you to feel enthusiasm and confidence when piloting.

With a competent approach to the construction of a quadcopter, there will be enough thrust for all the payload that you may need, and the flight time in order to enjoy using it. Using drones (eg DJI, the “Phantom” family, which is still very popular), you can achieve really impressive results in aerial photography. It is also worth noting the high maintainability of the quadcopters in case of crashes / accidents. Many people start with such UAVs, since they are the very “golden mean” and a field for experiments.

Hexacopters and octocopters are the most stable, expensive and heavy vehicles. As a rule, the purpose of their appearance is high-quality shooting with heavy professional photo and video cameras. These drones use powerful motors, batteries and bulky gimbals. Those. this is already a full-fledged professional shooting technique, and not amateur experimental designs.

But the more complex the equipment, and the more critical components it contains, the higher the likelihood of an unmanned device failure. In the case of multicopters “hexa” and above, there are cases when one of the motors fails, the copter safely (not without nerves, of course) made a soft landing.

How to use HyperSmooth in low light

HyperSmooth is even smarter today with the HERO7 Black firmware update (download the update here or via the GoPro App). The feature now detects low-light conditions to eliminate blur, but before we go into more detail, we’d like to give the floor to GoPro Image Quality Leader Alex Cashman, who is responsible for GoPro’s image enhancement and will personally guide you through the innovations.

Today’s HERO7 Black firmware update (version 1.61) includes improvements to HyperSmooth stabilization in low light. I would like to talk a little about how and why the function will now behave differently.

But first, let’s talk about why Electronic Image Stabilization (EIS) technologies like HyperSmooth take precedence over mechanical image stabilization.

• OIS systems are sensitive to camera shake and mechanical shock, and over time this can result in degraded image quality. For example, dropping the camera can cause fatal focusing or stabilization problems.
• Optical solutions do not eliminate the line-by-line transfer effect (the so-called “jelly effect”), which is formed due to strong vibrations.
• The operation of electronic systems does not depend on the environment of use and mechanical stress, since they do not contain batteries and motors.
• With GoPro standards in mind, HERO7 Black can be positioned where mechanical components simply won’t fit and perform effectively in a wide variety of environments.

But like other electronic stabilization systems, HyperSmooth can cause strange effects in images in low light. Blur in low light exposure shots looks strange after stabilization.

When we watch video, our eyes and brain subconsciously associate camera movement and blur, just like when we run or walk. But when camera movement is eliminated by the electronic stabilization system, the blur no longer makes sense. Therefore, the better the gimbal works, the more pronounced this effect can be, and with a technological system like HyperSmooth it can come to the fore.

However, it is worth noting that the electronic stabilization system does not add or eliminate frame blur. this effect appears only when perceived by a person. Advanced users may be familiar with this visual anomaly and generally reject electronic stabilization in low light as a solution.

GoPro Hero 9 VS GoPro Hero 8 Camera Comparison!

The Algorithm Development Team and Image Quality Engineers have worked hard to resolve this issue, and in v1.61 we are offering a new solution. HyperSmooth will now dynamically adjust the stabilization level in low light for clearer, more natural videos.

The HyperSmooth system will collect information about the frame, such as the amount of light and camera movement, and then automatically adjust the stabilization level to avoid blurring effects; this will allow the HERO7 Black to be stabilized for smooth and high-quality videos in completely different conditions.

GoPro 8 Black VS GoPro 7 Black. Comparison!

This technology is pioneered in a GoPro camera. On previous generations (HERO6 / 5), electronic stabilization was completely disabled in low light. HERO7 Black offers HyperSmooth stabilization in a variety of shooting conditions.

Recommendations for Using HyperSmooth in Low Light

To get the most out of HyperSmooth in low light, you can tweak several Protune settings (for advanced users):

• Increase the maximum ISO value from the default setting to ISO 1600
• Reduce shutter speed
• Turn off automatic low light mode and / or increase the frame rate
• Set the EV compensation to a lower value

Each of these solutions has its drawbacks, such as raising noise or darkening the frame, so we recommend adjusting the settings according to the specific shooting conditions.

GoPro strives to provide the best image quality in a wide variety of situations. With this HyperSmooth update, HERO7 Black automatically becomes a more useful tool for capturing high-quality footage, whether it’s a daytime video of descending a mountain or having fun with friends on the slope after sunset.

The most important benefits of HyperSmooth

GoPro allows you to open up new horizons. the more incredible the trajectory and the more dynamic the video, the better. But we found that there is a direct link between the dynamics of a clip and the lack of smoothness. the more dynamic a clip, the less smooth it becomes. The HERO7 Black development team was tasked with creating a new stabilization system, and so the HyperSmooth mode was born. Lead Algorithm Developer Maxim Karpushin will tell you more about HyperSmooth.

There are two ways to stabilize video. optical and electronic. With the concept of HERO7 Black, we decided to develop an internal electronic stabilization system so that users do not need to take into account the peculiarities of optical stabilization when shooting. This ultimately led to the creation of HyperSmooth, an innovative stabilization system that analyzes camera movement and takes it into account when stabilizing video.

Movement is key for HyperSmooth. The system actively analyzes motion in real time, so the available stabilization field is used with maximum efficiency, eliminating unwanted shaking and keeping the desired subject in focus. The combination of this feature with the line-by-line transfer correction algorithm developed by us allows us to say that HERO7 Black has no “jelly effect” and achieves results comparable to the use of gyro stabilizers. For HyperSmooth, we’ve also upgraded the power of the GP1 chip first introduced in the HERO6 Black and added 1GB of SDRAM.

A little about electronic image stabilization

HyperSmooth is a fully electronic system. Electronic Image Stabilization (EIS) works by cropping a small area around the edges of the frame to minimize visible camera movement. This part to be cut off is called the “stabilization field”; GoPro has about 5%.

Compared to other stabilization systems, electronic systems have three key advantages.

• They have no movable components. This means your GoPro is no less robust, reliable, or waterproof with this system. This is a significant advantage as optical stabilization systems (OIS) are much more susceptible to damage.
• Instant processing of footage at high frame rates. Mechanical gimbals are difficult to handle high frame rates due to mechanical limitations. Motors are not able to react fast enough to stabilize effectively, while electronic stabilization operates at the speed of light (practically).
• Electronic stabilization works in all conditions. Yes, even under water and in outer space, it will work! Mechanical stabilizers will be difficult to react in a viscous environment (eg water) or lack of gravity. The latter, by the way, applies not only to space, but also to free fall.

Tips and tricks for using HyperSmooth

Here are some tips to help you get the most out of HyperSmooth.

• Use the zoom when shooting action with strong camera shake. You may have to sacrifice the FOV, but you end up with a larger field of stabilization. HyperSmooth uses the zoom area as an additional stabilization field. Often, even a small increase (10-15%) is enough to significantly increase the capabilities of the stabilization system. And the decrease in the viewing angle will hardly be noticeable.
• In the linear mode, the stabilization field will be even larger. Linear mode dramatically improves HyperSmooth performance with a significantly larger stabilization field compared to a wide viewing angle. Straight lines will stay straight.

GoPro Hero 4Black or Silver Edition?

The camera is available in two versions. Black and Silver.

If you are a land resident and shoot mainly children’s parties, then take Silver, because it has a built-in touch screen. But it does not overclock above 1080p 60fps, like the GoPro Hero3. The difference with the model before last will be only in the quality of the picture.

For hardcore, you need to take the Black Edition, because it produces 1080p 120fps and 4K at 30fps, and its processor is more powerful than the Silver. But there is no screen.

Comparison of action cameras GoPro Hero3 and 4

As the owner of the GoPro Hero3 Silver Edition, I passed the “horizontal” update on the GoPro 3, and after another year I am holding a camera with index 4. And this is vertical takeoff.

Battery

The GoPro3 has a bigger battery, but doesn’t benefit from it.

• Treshka: 1180mAh, 3.7V, 4366mWh
• Quad: 1160mAh, 3.8V, 4.4Wh

And finally, in Hero4, the battery is pushed in from the bottom.

Since there is a weaker iron in the “three-ruble note”, then it works one and a half times longer. The manufacturer writes that 3 hours in 1080p / 30fps mode, but in fact it turns out to be an hour less. So the “four” will work for about 1 hour 10 minutes nonstop with Wi-Fi turned off.

Hero3 vs. Hero4 in brief

First, the Hero4 reproduces colors more accurately, while the Hero3 is yellow.

Secondly, the noise of the Hero4 is several times lower, and the resolution is higher (pay attention to the vertical elements).

In addition, the 12 clear megapixels of the Hero4 are better than the 10 megapixels of the Hero3 with artifacts. Yes, the owners of Hero2 will forgive me, but you are generally sad.

Relaxing and watching a promo video

So far, no one has managed to shoot a video better than GoPro itself. Enjoy 4K life because it’s wonderful. Since 2010, the camera has inspired many to get up off their priests, get out of smelling house slippers and start living for real.

Dimensions (edit)

You won’t notice the difference in size between Hero3 and Hero4.

Cover, aka boxing

In fact, the changes started with Hero3 and now the new box looks better than the old one. It has decreased in size, the retainer has changed, and unnecessary decorative screws around the perimeter of the bezel have disappeared.

Comes with two back covers. One for land, the other for diving to a depth of 40 meters. I dived to 45 meters and there was no leak. But there was an extra decompression stop due to such unnecessary pampering, because my Deep Diver certificate prohibits such a depth.

Have you seen how divers get married? You can’t do without champagne underwater. Watch from 5:50. GoPro has become my indispensable companion in all diving. diving in South Cyprus.

There are currently no alternatives to GoPro. The same Panasonic HX-A500 will not be able to shoot underwater, and for some reason Chinese craftsmen do not come up with additional accessories for it. Toshiba’s crisis of ideas forced the manufacturer to clone GoPro without a twinge of conscience.

The GoPro Hero4 is great on land and underwater. She again captured the moments of life that you can never take off with an ordinary soap box. In fact, we have a dog-friend in front of us, ready to follow its master anywhere. For this she is loved all over the world.