Poe switch for IP cameras

Network switches, which are also called switches, are used in IP surveillance, IP cameras are connected to them. They give connections to LAN modules.

A switch is a network device designed to connect, combining multIPle hosts into a network.

Poe switch is a device that allows the transmission of electrical network signals over a twisted pair, along with the data of the network interface. Thus, this technology allows you to power IP cameras through a twisted pair.

In operation, the network switch looks at the MAC address of all connected devices and collects a port map. You can call it a table. When the device is turned on, its table is empty. Further training begins. See the picture below.

In the figure, we see two columns:

• The address;
• Interface.

In column The address the Mass address of the device is recorded, in our case the address of the camera.

In column Interface rj45 port number is written.

Now we know a little how the MAC address table is compiled.

Below we look at the diagram of connecting an IP-camera through a switch.

Specifications

When designing IP surveillance, the characteristics of the switch are matched to the conditions of the surveillance operability:

• Bandwidth;

Each switch for monitoring has a certain bandwidth, it can also be called a switching matrix. It can be explained in another way: the amount of traffic that the device can transmit per unit of time. The switching matrix of each switch should be considered.

Most often, the total throughput is lower than the total value of the entire system, in which case the device will work with lags and suspension.

• Number of ports;

A larger number of installed IP-cameras depends on this characteristic.

For small objects, most often switches are used with a small number of ports. In the case of professional surveillance, devices with 8.16 and 24 ports are used. When choosing the number of ports, you need to consider the bandwidth.

Switches can be both for external surveillance systems and for internal ones. For outdoor systems, they are used in any climate. Internal systems use standard switches.

The existence of Power over Ethernet greatly facilitates the installation of IP surveillance because the power is supplied through the cable. twisted pair. But not all cameras are compatible with PoE, so you need to look in the specifications to see if the camera supports this function.

• Features of switches with Power over Ethernet;

Poe is a function for powering a remote supply using an Ethernet cable. With all the difficulty of installing surveillance systems, power and data transmission has its own cable, thanks to which experts often prefer equIPment with PoE.

• The power of the power supply is an important aspect in choosing a switch, since 25 W PoE is not enough for it.

However, nowadays, they began to produce switches with high poe power. This innovation makes it possible to use powerful cameras, IR illuminators and other additional equIPment. But still, each time you need to carefully calculate the required power and correlate it with the switch reserves.

Switch selection

The choice of a switch must be taken very seriously, as it limits the data transfer rate.

The normal network supply has NOT been updated with respect to the amount of image sent by the camera. The most common models provide processing of a program up to 1518 bytes. This means that they are adapted to work with powerful IP cameras with high image resolution, and this most often leads to supply hangs.

The main difficulty in buying is the technical characteristics, which are not always similar to reality. For example, the bandwidth is signed does not include all ports in its operation, so in some cases the system refuses to start.

The most important aspect in choosing a switch is the scope of application. For example, in IP surveillance for the home, cheap equIPment with the same IP cameras with low image resolution is most often used. In some cases, the system is bypassed by a router instead of a switch, but this is enough only for a couple of cameras.

Purpose of menu icons

Note: If the admin password of the camera is NOT the same as the admin password of the registrar, then after adding it, go to the camera settings and change the password. By changing the password, the correct camera will be marked

How to add camera to NVR manually:

When adding to a new NVR without PoE or DVR:

• Connect the camera to a PoE switch, if possible, or normally. Connect the recorder to the same switch. Do not forget to configure the network interfaces in the cameras and the recorder so that they are within the same subnet (meaning that cameras in the case of NVR with PoE are not connected to its PoE interfaces).
• Go to Camera Management-Camera-IP Camera. Then click CustomAdding to enter the custom add IP cameras menu.

At the top of the window there will be a list of online cameras, from which you can also select the desired camera. At the bottom you can enter your values.

You must enter or confirm the current parameters of the connected IP camera: IP address, protocol, port, and other necessary settings.

Note: Instead of a camera, in this case, you can specify the data of Not only the IP camera, but also the data of the second recorder, the channels of which you want to additionally Register on your current recorder.

Click Add to add a camera.

• If you add a multi-screen device instead of a regular camera, such as a fisheye camera or another DVR or NVR (only when adding to NVR or Hybrid DVR), the channel selection window will be displayed

Check the checkboxes of Channel No. as shown in the picture according to your needs and click OK to finish setting.

When adding to a new NVR with PoE, NVR without PoE, or DVR from replacing the previously registered camera:

• Go to Camera Management-Camera-IP Camera, select a channel and click Edit.

• Select add type Manually and enter the IP addresses, username and password from the camera.

Note: On NVR without PoE or DVR, the Adding Method is not indicated:

• If everything is fine, you will see a blue circle. camera connected.

Note: If you add a camera in manual mode, and the camera is connected via a switch, then the passwords on the camera and the recorder may differ.

How to Add a Camera to a PoE NVR Using Plug-n-Play.

• Connect the camera and recorder. In this example, the camera is connected to port 2. Use an 8-wire twisted-pair cat.5 cable when connecting.

How to add an IP camera online

1. Click the right mouse button to enter the menu:

2. Select Add IP Camera to enter the device camera control menu.

Online cameras with their settings will be displayed at the bottom of the list in yellow in the device menu.

3. Click or One-touch Adding to add the camera to the device.

Note: Make sure cameras and DVR have the same passwords.

• Go to Camera Management-Camera-IP Camera, select the D2 channel and click Edit

3. Select the method of adding Plug-n-Play and click OK

Attention! Do not click One touch Adding with this connection.

How to add a NOT activated IP camera online with one touch

Note: In fact, this is done not in one, but in 2 touches: first One touch Activation, and then One touch Adding or.

• We take a new, not activated camera and connect it to the network in which our registrar is located.
• As in the case of connecting a camera from the online list, select in it, but not an activated camera and click One touch Activation.

The camera will be assigned an Admin password the same as the DVR and set the IP address by DHCP Corresponding to the current network.

Note: There must be a DHCP server in the local network of the DVR.

• Find this camera in the online list and click One touch Adding as in option A.

12. Settings. Camera settings

This section contains settings for encoding (main and sub stream), as well as displaying date and time.

In the Codec menu, you can select the resolution with which the recording will be carried out.

Framerate is responsible for the number of frames per second.

Bit Rate by the number of kilobits stored per second of recording.

OSD text displays text that you can enter yourself, for example, camera number, and OSD position is responsible for where this text is displayed.

In general, the codec settings are responsible for the picture quality. It is worth emphasizing that depending on these options, the final weight of the file also changes. When choosing these parameters, you need to take into account many factors, such as the speed of movement of the objects being shot. if it is high, then the frames per second should be higher; the distance between the camera and the object. if the camera is installed in a narrow corridor, the bit rate can be underestimated, since the object is already filmed from a close distance and the quality can be neglected, and, conversely, small details are better displayed at a high bit rate.

We will devote a separate article to the fine-tuning of IP cameras, since this topic cannot be disclosed in a nutshell.

After completing the configuration, we reboot the camera from the Restore menu, after which you can proceed with the configuration of the recording device, as well as setting up the network equIPment to activate remote access.

Before Connecting IP Surveillance Cameras Read the instruction manual for the camera, keep it handy and print it out for easy reference.

Privacy. private zones

The section is devoted to setting up a private zone. There are times when there is something in the frame that does not need to be recorded. In such a situation, you can use this function and paint over the object. On the recording, everything will look the same as in this menu. In the described camera model, the setting of three private zones is available.

8. Image. Image parameters

Here are the settings that affect the overall image. Of the basic ones, contrast, brightness and saturation are usually used. Additionally, you can activate Back light compensation. back light compensation. Typically used when recording against light or against bright objects. Effect. the background is blown out, and the foreground is better viewed.

There is another useful function here. manual adjustment of the White Balance. There are situations when shooting indoors, where the walls are painted in a bright color, which disrupts the display of colors in the camera image. A similar effect occurs, for example, when the windows in a room are tinted and daylight turns out to be painted in a different tone. White balance can fix this problem. To do this, activate the manual mode: White BalanceManual, and move the RedGreenBlue Gain slider to change the display of colors in the frame.

9. Audio. Sound settings

In the case when the camera is equIPped with a microphone, here you can activate it and adjust the sensitivity. Regarding the sensitivity, it is worth noting that it is not recommended to set it to the maximum, as extraneous noise appears.

If you need high-quality sound recording, you should pay attention to IP cameras with the ability to connect an external microphone. In such a camera, in addition to the power connector and connection to a computer network, there is also a connector tulIP to connect a microphone. To get good sound, you can purchase a microphone that is more sensitive than the usual built-in microphone. Alternatively, an external microphone can be placed directly above the listening area. To do this, at the stage of installation, a power cable is drawn to the selected place (basically all microphones require external power), as well as a cable for sound transmission. It is convenient to use a UTP cable for this: you use one pair for sound, and the rest for power.

Network settings

Considering that IP cameras work only with a computer network, consider its settings.

You need to set a static IP address on your computer. If the cameras, for example, 192.168.1.164, then on the computer set a similar address, for example, 192.168.1.10 (the main thing is that the last digit is different).

This is done in Control Panel Network and Internet View network status and tasks Change adapter settings. Here you need to select our network interface and right-click to click Properties. Then double click on Internet Protocol Version 4 (TCP / IPv4), choose Use the following IP address and enter a static address.

In addition, it is worth immediately deciding which IP addresses we will assign to the cameras and check that they are NOT occupied by other devices. With standard factory settings, routers automatically issue an address starting from 192.168.1.100 or 192.168.0.100. Based on this, it is better to assign cameras to the address in 192.168.1.100 or leave a reserve of addresses and start, for example, from 192.168.1.200.

In total, only 254 addresses are available to us in one network. 192.168.1.1-192.168.1.254. Usually 192.168.1.1 or 192.168.1.254 is assigned to the router. If there are many devices connected to your computer network, and you are NOT sure which addresses are available, you can use a network scanner such as Advanced IP Scanner (the program does not have to be installed, after downloading it you can just run it).

After starting the program, click Scan and wait for the end. Scanning is best done during rush hour when all devices are on. Having chosen the address for all our cameras, we proceed to the initial setup.

Alarm. Alarm

Camera motion detection settings. The fact is that, unlike analog and high-resolution cameras, where the recorder is busy detecting motion, the camera itself detects motion in an IP camera. When this function is activated, the camera performs the selected action. sending or still image to FTP, SMTP or Cloud service. In addition, the camera sends a command to the recorder, and it starts recording according to its setting.

Here it is imperative to activate Alarm and Motion detection, otherwise the recorder will not record on motion.

Messaging functions You can not activate.

Configuring Basic Camera Settings

After we have changed the network settings, our cameras are ready to be installed in the selected locations.

After finishing the installation (the cameras are fixed, the connectors are connected), set the viewing angle. To do this, apply power and connect the cable to the router or switch, enter the web interface through the browser and see the picture broadcast by the camera. At this stage, it is convenient to use someone’s help: one person, being in the computer, reports on the phone what the camera sees, and the second adjusts its direction. After making sure that the monitor displays exactly what you need to see, proceed to the basic camera settings.

Configuring IP Cameras Using the Software Supplied with the Camera

Usually there are two programs on the disk:

• Program for detecting IP cameras on the network.
• Software for viewing and managing recordings from cameras (using the second GoPro software, any computer can be converted to the recorder).

We start with the first program. The interface may differ depending on the manufacturer, but the basic functions are present everywhere.

Examples of program interface from different manufacturers.

The main purpose of this program is to search for cameras on the network, change the IP address and second network parameters, as well as update the camera firmware.

At the first start, we use search. After scanning the network, the program will display all found cameras and recorders. It is worth emphasizing a nice feature: even in the case of a conflict of IP addresses, when two different devices are assigned the same IP address (a similar situation happens with newly purchased cameras, since they come from the supplier with the same IP address), the program allows you to work with each device separately. Accordingly, in the presence of this software, we can sequentially change the network settings of several cameras connected to the computer NOT directly, but through a switch.

Having selected the camera, we change its IP address and, if necessary, the HTTP port through which the connection is made. In the GateWay and DNS section, you should specify the IP addresses of the router. If you want to prohibit the camera from accessing the Internet, then in THESE fields, you should specify incorrect data.

It is not recommended to enable dynamic IP address in the camera. This setting is also called DHCP. Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol. In this case, the real IP address for the camera is assigned by the router automatically. This happens every time the camera is turned on. The problem is that it can be a new IP address every time. But the registrar “remembers” only one address that was in the camera at the time of its connection to the recorder. And in the case when the camera receives a new address, the registrar simply does not “will see”. DHCP. This is convenient, but can be a big problem. It usually looks like the cameras start to disappear and appear on the recorder. Therefore, we strongly DO NOT recommend using dynamic IP address settings on cameras.

After filling in all the fields, enter the login and password of the camera (by default admin; admin) and save the changes by clicking Modify.

PoE IP Camera Connection

There is a technology for transmitting power over an Ethernet cable. Poe (Power Over Ethernet). If the IP camera supports the PoE standard, then it does NOT require a separate power cable. In this case, the camera will be powered from the GoPro. It is important to note that one IP-camera with PoE is not enough for this technology to work. It is also required that the switch (switch) also supports PoE. It is he who acts as “power supply”.

PoE cameras are slightly more expensive than conventional cameras.

Power supply of IP cameras: power supply, long distance connection, power supplies, autonomous

When building surveillance systems with the introduction of digital cameras, not only enhanced data transmission, but also the organization of a stable power supply for IP cameras is of great importance.

Of course, the main function of the surveillance system is to ensure the safety of the facility, but the slightest failures or malfunction in the power supplies can lead to NO all efforts to create a high-quality and reliable control system.

Power supplies

IP cameras can be powered from any power source, which gives out the appropriate voltage and is suitable for the operating current, but taking into account some requirements.

In a surveillance system, cameras are the main consumer, so when choosing a power supply, you should focus on them. The main requirement for the power supply of surveillance systems is the possibility of continuous operation.

In addition, the power supply must provide a 30% current margin Based on the total power of all cameras connected to the unit.

The passports for cameras usually indicate the current, but the power consumption can be easily calculated using the formula P = UI. If the power consumption is indicated in the passport, then it is easy to calculate the current. The power supply must be stabilized and protected against overloads and short circuits.

Quite often it happens that some software can interfere with the normal operation of the webcam. Find out how to check the performance of the WEB-camera here.

Important for the power supply of IP cameras and the operation of the entire surveillance system is the continuous supply of electricity even in the event of a power failure. This means that it is necessary to use uninterruptible power supplies (UPS), in the case of which there is a battery, which can provide operation for some time.

Of course, this makes sense only if all elements, and especially the recorder, also have uninterrupted power supply.

If all components are equIPped with power supplies with a battery, then it is obvious that the operating time in autonomous mode for all nodes should be the same.

Quite often, multichannel power supplies are used, which have several independent outputs for consumers. All channels are absolutely independent and in case of failure of one of the channels, the rest remain operational.

The disadvantage of such a system is that each channel will have to be divided into its own group of consumers, which implies the use of a large number of wires.

Connecting IP cameras over long distances

In order to overcome the hundred-meter limit, certain technical solutions are used, associated with the introduction of additional elements.

Application of multIPle PoE repeaters (repeater). The repeater receives the data stream and the supply voltage then transmits it over the Ethernet cable to the next device.

Daisy chain repeaters can significantly extend the cable length to the IP camera.

Application of VDSL2 converters. Such a converter transmits data from cameras and provides power supply over a twisted pair cable for a distance of up to 1.5 km at low power.

This power is quite enough to power not only a digital camera, but also to power the thermohousing and infrared illumination. This technology is well suited for outdoor surveillance.

Devices Power reach can be connected in series, but at a distance of no more than 2 km. In this case, the data transfer rate will remain unchanged, and the power will drop to 3-6 W.

Powering digital cameras

Modern digital cameras can be considered the best option for surveillance systems.

The cameras have a high resolution, great picture clarity, reliable in operation, but they consume a significant current, therefore, you should responsibly and competently approach the organization of power supply of IP cameras.

Surveillance systems can be divided into two categories:

• Observation inside heated rooms
• Outdoor surveillance

The power supply of the internal control system is supplied only to the cameras, and the external surveillance circuit consumes a lot of power, which is used to heat the thermal casing of the camera and to power the infrared illumination at night.

The essence of this method is that the cameras are powered through the same cable as the data. UTP wire with four twisted pairs is used for wiring the surveillance system.

This method of supplying power is convenient in that it allows NOT to use additional wires, which saves money and reduces installation time. This method is regulated by the IEEE 802.3at-2009 standard, which provides for a power supply of up to 30 W.

A significant disadvantage of the PoE method is that the length of the Ethernet cable should not exceed 100 meters.

Standalone cameras

Battery-powered wireless surveillance cameras can be used in security systems, both in public buildings and in the domestic sphere.

These cameras can be of two different designs. The first option is covert surveillance cameras. They are NOT designed to work in networks, since the signal from such cameras is NOT transmitted anywhere.

Cameras are powered by rechargeable batteries or batteries and record information on a memory card. As a rule, they are included for recording from the built-in motion sensor.

The second option is a full-fledged surveillance camera, which are NOT intended for recording, but equIPped with a built-in transmitter, which transmits information to the receiving device.

The use of battery-powered wireless surveillance cameras is justified in cases where, for various reasons, it is impossible to install and connect wired cameras.

With the advent of GSM wireless surveillance, security problems at remote sites are now being successfully addressed. Read more about GSM technologies in surveillance in this article.

The signal from the camera comes to the receiver, which can be connected directly to a monitor or digital recorder. The transmitting device operates on a frequency of 1.2 GHz or 2.4 GHz. The transmission range can be 50 meters or more, but such a camera is very sensitive to various kinds of interference.

Most models of wireless cameras transmit color images and sound from the built-in microphone. An example of a successful technical solution is the SP3160 camera.

It transmits color images and sound in good quality and has the following specifications:

• Camera resolution 380 lines,
• Viewing angle 620,
• Transmitter output power 15 mW,
• Infrared illumination up to 3 meters.

The camera is battery operated, its dimensions are 90 X 30 X 30 mm. To organize surveillance using such a camera, you need to purchase a receiving device. It has a USB output and can be connected to a computer or surveillance monitor equIPped with a USB input.

Among the self-powered cameras, there are very promising energy-saving cameras.

They are in standby mode, consume a minimum amount of energy, but when the motion sensor is triggered, such cameras are instantly activated and begin to transmit image and sound to the receiving device. After stopping the movement, cameras go back to standby mode.

You can only use pure copper conductors from well-known companies.

Copper wire provides very unreliable contact with the connectors and when using it you will have to constantly look for points of failure and, in the end, you will have to completely redo the entire wiring of the surveillance system.

PoE NVR Connection for IP Cameras without PoE Switch

Poe NVR is equIPped with a PoE switch and provides an Ethernet port for direct connection to an IP camera. Therefore, it does NOT require a separate power adapter to operate. Connection steps:

Use Ethernet cable to connect router and PoE NVR. Make sure the NVR can access the Internet.

Connect the IP camera directly to the PoE NVR via Ethernet cable. NVR has PoE technology and can power IP cameras.

Connect NVR to monitor or TV with VGA or HDMI cable. Make sure your monitor or TV is connected with the correct input (e.g. VGA, HDMI 1, HDMI 2, etc.)

If all connections are correct, the NVR has successfully connected to the IP camera. Figure 1 shows the entire connection. This NVR model is ideal for IP surveillance in homes and small businesses.

Connecting NVR for IP Cameras with PoE Switch

An NVR without Power over Ethernet means that it has Ethernet ports on the back, so it cannot be connected to IP cameras directly. An external PoE switch or power adapter is required to power each IP camera. Follow the instructions below to complete the connection.

Using an Ethernet cable, connect the LAN port of the PoE switch to the router, and then NOT connect the PoE router to the router. Make sure the PoE switch and NVR are on the same network.

Connect the IP cameras to the RJ45 ports on the PoE switch using Ethernet cables. Poe switch provides power and transmission. Like NVR.

Connect NVR and monitor or TV via VGA or HDMI cable. Make sure your monitor or TV is connected through the correct input (such as VGA, HDMI 1, HDMI 2, etc.)

Please note that user must add camera to NVR to view camera and enable recording. Follow the instructions provided with your NVR. Figure 2 shows the connection mode.

FAQ in setting up NVR for IP cameras

NVR is better than DVR?

DVR (digital recorder). This is a processor that works with analog cameras and can be used as a storage device. The connection between the analog camera and the recorder uses a coaxial cable. The recorder does NOT power the camera. Each camera connection requires a splitter that provides power for the camera to function properly. Compared to a network recorder, which work with IP cameras via Ethernet cables, digital recorders are cheaper. For those looking for a simple security system, a DVR system is sufficient, especially since its feature has been used for coaxial cables. Therefore, NVR and DVR should be selected according to actual needs.

What is NVR?

NVR. It is a specialized computer system that contains programs. It is commonly used in IP surveillance networks to capture live images or streams and digitally record them onto a hard drive, USB stick, or other storage device. Users can view, play and download recordings as needed. Generally based on Windows or Linux environment, the NVR has a user-friendly interface for everyday use and is equIPped with intelligent motion detection and camera control functions. The NVR can also be accessed remotely. Other advantages are the ability to handle large streams and ease of installation. So how easy is it to install? Below are two options for configuring NVR for IP cameras, including PoE NVR connections and non-PoE NVR connections.

Does NVR need internet?

NVR can work without internet and keep recording and streaming. However, without the Internet, users cannot access records remotely. In the event of an intrusion, users may NOT receive pop-up reminders or alerts. Users cannot create backups to cloud storage.

Migelle

NVRs (Network Recorders) are widely used in IP camera surveillance projects as the NVR system provides centralized management for easy GoPro viewing, management and storage. Then do you know how to connect NVR for IP cameras? Is PoE Switch Required?

How to set up NVR for IP cameras

Poe NVR and NVR without PoE. There are two types of NVR on the market. They use different connection methods for IP cameras. Please note that when configuring NVR for IP cameras, be sure to check R support, compatibility between NVR and IP cameras. First, make sure the network recorder supports the IP camera you are going to use. Secondly, please make sure the NVR supports camera resolution, because not all NVRs currently support 4K security cameras or 12MP cameras. Once the resolution of the camera exceeds the resolution supported by the NVR, the user must access the web interface of the IP camera and reduce its resolution.

Configuring NVR for IP Cameras with or without PoE Switch?

Connection of surveillance cameras using POE technology. Connecting surveillance cameras using POE technology

Poe (Power over Ethernet) is a technology that allows a remote device to transmit electrical energy along with data through a standard twisted pair in an Ethernet network.

There are various ways to turn on an IP camera using PoE, in this article we will cover them.

Since PoE is an international standard, there are many surveillance devices using this standard. These are IP cameras, DVRs with PoE switches and PoE injectors.

The easiest way to connect a PoE camera is to connect directly to the PoE NVR. All you need is a UTP cable connected to IP cameras, NVRs and a computer or laptop. The scheme of such a connection is as follows:

The image below shows an IP camera connected directly to an 8-port PoE NVR using the international 802.3af standard. This means the device is sending 48 V (volts) to the camera, which can draw up to 12.95 W (watts).

This connection is quite simple and does not require additional equIPment, since one port is used for each camera, having the same international standard.

However, some NVRs only have one network port and depend on a PoE switch to connect and power up IP cameras.

It is essentially a regular Ethernet switch used for computers. The image below shows a PoE camera connected to a switch, which is also connected to a laptop using UTP (network) cables.

Thus, you can use the software to record the stream from the IP camera, or connect the NVR to the switch.

Some NVRs have only one port for connecting to the network, for this reason you have to use a network switch (or router).

In the image below you can see how the PoE switch is used to connect to the NVR (red circle) and to the IP camera.

For connection, you can also use PoE injectors to power IP cameras. The figure below shows a TP Link PoE injector that can be used to power up IP cameras with the implementation of the international IEEE 802.3af standard. In this case, the signal and power to the camera will be transmitted at a distance of up to 100 m.

Some PoE injectors can also power non-standard PoE devices, like the TP-link model, as shown in the diagram below.

The PoE injector connects simultaneously to the switch and to a non-PoE device that is DC powered (12V, 9V, or 5V). This is a great way to use an injector to do two requests at the same time.

Thus, you can send power to the IP cameras using a regular power supply or PoE device, but the latter option is much better because it uses less cables and is easier to configure the system.

Well, we remind you that our company Let’s write everything down since 2010 has been engaged in the installation, modernization and maintenance of any surveillance systems, as well as intercoms and the Moscow region.

We work quickly, efficiently and at affordable prices. You can see the list of services and for them here.

Call 7 (499) 390-28-45 from 8-00 to 22-00 any day of the week, including weekends. We will be happy to help you!