Setting up and adjusting the TV
Various Full HD and Ultra HD tests from Burosch are used as reference and are used to assess the picture quality on a TV or monitor.
With the help of such tests, you can optimize and adjust the image. You just need to achieve the correct display of pictures from the test on the screen and we can say that your TV is set.
This setting occurs regardless of the screen size and is assessed by eye, each user makes the setting for himself.
All pictures are static to give time for the eyes to identify inaccuracies in the display on the screen.
Test images are divided into five groups:
- Basic samples for initial visual adjustments
- Test images for metrological calibration with light sensor
- Professional static reference images for image optimization
- Dynamic test rollers
- Professionally made real pictures
These are the common characteristics of tests that may be encountered. In our tests, there are only a few pictures, but they are quite enough for setting up the TV.
Each test image serves for setting a separate parameter.
Our test has:
- Five basic images for the first basic setting of the picture quality on the screen:
Test images for each setting
Such pictures are used for only one setting, in contrast to pictures with Multiple test zones. Therefore, after making one setting, you need to change the picture to another and adjust the second parameter. The setting procedure is described below.
Multiple test zones
Pictures with a large number of test zones (five zones are used here) are intended for setting up the TV by inexperienced users or for quick setup. On each such picture, you can configure five main parameters at once I control them on the screen.
The initial setup of the TV must be carried out either with the help of five primary test pictures or with one of the presented.
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Adjust the aspect ratio or size. For correct adjustment, you need to disable various image scaling functions in the menu. Different manufacturers call these scaling (image resizing) functions differently.
After all the settings, you can include real photos in the desired resolution from the set. Using these pictures, you check the naturalness of all settings.
Other test pictures
For example, solid color images are needed to test the health of the pixels on the screen. Various grid images can also be used to detect broken pixels that stop working at a certain position of neighboring pixels.
Colored stripes are used to check chromaticity. Different shades of gray are used to check the white balance (there are color tints) and to check the brightness and contrast.
Test images with Full HD resolution (1920×1080) here.
Test the screen for dead pixels yourself
When buying a TV or monitor, sellers offer an additional service. check for broken pixels. over, the service is paid and higher. If you find a defect at home, you will NOT be able to return the TV back, they explain. After all, this is not a guarantee case, and they are right. In fact, you can perform such a matrix test yourself and for free, there is nothing complicated about it. It is enough just to bring a special video or pictures on a flash drive with you for verification, read our article before.
Warranty case
Why are some dead pixels allowed? The fact is that the technology for the production of LCD matrixes is very complicated, and not even every device manufacturer can afford their own production. And such a defect can only be detected on the assembled device. If the manufacturer scraps screens even with minor defects, then the price of TVs and monitors will increase several times. Therefore, such a compromise was found:
- Manufacturers keep production at the same level and do NOT raise prices.
- Buyers admit the presence of a certain number of dead pixels, which is NOT a warranty case. In this case, the buyer has the right to check the display before purchasing.
Allowable amount
How many dead pixels are acceptable? The answer to this question is contained in the international quality standard for LCD TVs ISO 13406-2. It identifies 3 types of defective points:
- Open or white. such pixels freeze open and constantly glow white.
- Closed or black. such pixels freeze when closed and constantly glow in black.
- Colored. in such pixels, the control transistor fails, and they are constantly lit in one of 3 colors: red, green or blue.
Also LCD devices are divided into 4 classes. First grade. the highest, in the matrix of devices of this class the presence of defective points is generally not allowed. Most of the devices on the market. second class. The standard defines the allowable number of different types of defective dots depending on the maximum resolution it supports. Information for popular 2nd class devices is shown in the table below.
| Pixel Type \ Max Resolution | 1280 × 720 (720p, HD Ready) | 1920 × 1080 (1080p, Full HD) |
| 1. White | 2 | 4 |
| 2. Black | 2 | 4 |
| 3. Colored | five | ten |
| TOTAL | nine | 18 |
How to check
To check the screen for defects, you need to successively submit pictures of the primary colors to it, and at the same time look at it carefully, trying to find points of the second color. This is what broken pixels look like. For example, when there is a white picture on the screen, it is easy to detect black and colored dots. If black is served, then it is easy to detect white dots, etc. Before testing with the TV off, make sure there are no dust particles or other debris on the screen.
Recovery
There are several ways to recover dead pixels found during the test. They give a result extremely rarely and only in the correction of colored dots (type 3). Tests also show that it usually helps for a short time, the next day the pixel fails again. Plus, you can easily mess up neighboring points. Therefore, we highly do not recommend doing recovery, but we will still consider the methods:
- Programmatic approach. A matrix picture is displayed on the screen, in which dots of different colors are displayed randomly. The problem pixel should be restored within 20 minutes;
- Mechanical approach. I turn off the TV, press on the broken pixel with a napkin, turn on the device and stop pressing. This method can harm the matrix.
What to check first on TV
First, we check the packaging for various damages (dents, tears), if during transportation there were any blows to the packaging, then the TV got it. Then we check the presence of all correctly completed documents, such as a passport for the device, a warranty card. The coupon must be filled out correctly by the seller (warranty period, date of sale, stamp), the serial number on the coupon must match the number on the TV.
We check the external condition of the TV and the remote control. Look for scuffs, chips, cracks, etc. The screws on the back of the TV must NOT show signs of tampering, otherwise your TV was already on sale and under repair.
By the model name, serial number and product code, you can find out where and when this TV was made and for which country.
After that, you can turn on the TV and check its operation. Correctness of the remote control, work with external sources (USB flash drives, players, etc.). You can take your USB flash drive, pre-recorded high-resolution videos on it, and pictures to check for dead pixels.
Dead Pixel Check
When forming a picture on a TV screen, all display pixels must be involved. At Full HD screen resolution, the entire display field consists of 1920 x 1080 pixels, which is just over 2 million points.
According to the rules, a certain number of non-working pixels is allowed, different norms allow a different number of defective pixels. So, having identified this defect at home in the form of one or two non-working pixels, you will NOT be able to return the TV back, so it is better to do this check before buying.
To search for defective pixels, you need to submit an image with a specific picture to the screen and examine the screen from a close distance. You can also use a magnifying glass. You need to look for a pixel that does not glow with the same color as all the others. The image must match the screen resolution exactly.
Completely inoperative pixels that DO NOT respond to the signal and are in a constant position can be found in a uniform picture (filled with one color). White, black and primary colors (red, blue, green) pictures are alternately fed to the screen and pixels of the second color are looked for on them.
Broken pixel on black background Broken sub-pixel on screen
There are such defective pixels, which begin to work poorly when the matrix heats up. You can identify them after the TV has been running for a while.
There are pixels that do not work correctly depending on the work of the neighboring sub-pixels. You can find such defects if a picture is presented to the screen in the form of a checkerboard fill, color stripes, gradations, a grid. Incorrectly working pixels will stand out from the general structure of the picture.
The necessary pictures for checking the picture on the TV can be downloaded here. Resolution of verification images 1920 x 1080 pixels.
To test Ultra HD 4K TVs test pictures here.
How to use these images can be read here.
Non-uniform screen illumination
When a video signal with a uniform color fill (colored with one color) is input to the TV input, this color should be on the screen without any color shades. But, due to the technological peculiarities of manufacturing displays with LED backlight, such a uniform illumination is difficult to achieve. Therefore, it is advisable to check the uniformity of the color field before purchasing. Usually such a defect is not considered a breakdown and the TV cannot be returned or repaired.
Such screen defects are called banding, flashing and Tinto.
Tinto can be translated as “color tone” and it shows how correctly white is displayed on the screen. When watching a regular video, you may NOT see this defect, because the picture is constantly changing there. But if the picture is static, then the interference can be very noticeable and interfere with normal viewing.
To identify Tinto, you need to apply a white or gray field to the screen. Interference in the form of stripes, spots and other shapes, painted in a different tone, against a uniform background, may indicate the presence of a Tinto defect. Such noise is usually pink or greenish and is located closer to the edges of the screen.
If the defect is very noticeable, then it is better to choose another TV.
Tinto large and clearly visible Tinto interference tolerance
Level of banding is unacceptable
Glare can only be found in LED TVs. To evaluate the quality of the display by the level of light, you need to do this in a completely dark room (Turn off the light and shade the windows). In this case, you need to select the maximum backlight level on the TV, for this you can select the Corresponding mode (it can be called “bright”, “dynamic” or in another way). You need to disable image enhancement modes such as Dynamic Backlight, Black Level Correction, Eco Sensor, and others. This is done so that the TV does NOT adjust the backlight when checking.
But even so, errors may arise due to the automation of the TV receiver, when a completely black frame is fed. Indeed, with a black picture, the TV turns off the backlight. Therefore, to detect highlights, it is better to submit a black picture with some bright elements, for example, white titles on a black background at the end of the film.
Then, from a distance, look for screen glare, especially in the corners. Some minimal highlights are fine for normal viewing.
The level of glare is unacceptable
Finding an LED TV completely free of THESE defects (Tinto, banding, light) is unlikely to work, but you need to choose a model with a minimum level of THESE interference.